Trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) and sodium dichloroisocyanurate (SDIC) are two widely used chlorine-containing disinfectants that play a vital role in water treatment and sanitation across various industries. While both compounds release chlorine to fight microorganisms, they differ in composition, dissolution rate, and suitability for specific applications.
Know About TCCA and SDIC
Trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA)
TCCA is a compound with a high chlorine content of about 90%. It is released slowly, making it ideal for applications that require prolonged disinfection. TCCA is commonly found in tablet, granular, and powder forms.
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate (SDIC)
SDIC contains about 60% available chlorine and dissolves faster than TCCA. Its fast action makes it effective for immediate disinfection needs. It is available in the form of crystalline powder, granular, or tablets.
Key Differences Between TCCA and SDIC
1. Chlorine Content
TCCA provides a higher chlorine concentration (90%), making it more concentrated and longer-lasting.
SDIC provides 60% available chlorine, suitable for faster disinfection in a shorter period of time.
TCCA is ideal for applications that require a continuous release of chlorine, such as swimming pools, while SDIC is the preferred choice for rapid sanitation tasks such as emergency water treatment.
2. Dissolution Rate
TCCA dissolves slowly, gradually releasing chlorine for long-term disinfection.
SDIC dissolves quickly, delivering chlorine immediately to water or surfaces.
For continuous disinfection, TCCA is a better choice, while SDIC is better suited for situations where microbial control needs to be rapid.
3. PH Effects
TCCA is slightly acidic and can lower the pH of water over time, requiring pH adjustment in some applications.
SDIC is relatively neutral, so it is unlikely to have a significant impact on the pH of water.
TCCA may require additional pH balancers, especially in swimming pools. SDIC is easier to use in situations where pH stability is critical.
4. Form and Convenience
TCCA. Usually available in large tablets and granules, convenient for applications such as swimming pools and industrial water systems.
SDIC. Available in fine powder and small tablet forms, it is easier to dissolve and distribute quickly.
TCCA tablets are ideal for slow-dissolving feeders in swimming pools, while SDIC powder is suitable for manual dosing applications or small-scale disinfection tasks.
5. Cost-effectiveness
TCCA. It produces more chlorine per unit and is more cost-effective for long-term use.
SDIC. It is slightly less cost-effective due to its lower chlorine content and faster consumption.
TCCA is economical for large-scale or continuous disinfection needs, while SDIC is more practical for short-term, small-scale applications.
Comparison in Applications
1. Pool Maintenance
TCCA. The slow-release properties of TCCA make it the first choice for maintaining chlorine levels in swimming pools. It is often used in automatic chlorinators or floating dispensers.
SDIC. It is used to quickly increase chlorine levels, especially after heavy pool use or rainfall.
TCCA is the preferred solution for regular pool maintenance, while SDIC is a complementary product for quick adjustments.
2. Drinking Water Treatment
TCCA. Often used in large municipal water systems due to its long-lasting disinfection properties.
SDIC. Suitable for small-scale applications such as emergency water purification and portable water treatment kits.
TCCA is more suitable for continuous water supply systems, while SDIC is ideal for temporary or emergency situations.
3. Industrial Water Treatment
TCCA. Widely used in cooling towers and industrial water systems that require continuous disinfection.
SDIC. Applied in processes that require rapid microbial control, such as during system cleaning.
TCCA provides continuous disinfection, while SDIC is used for immediate microbial control tasks.
4. Healthcare and Sanitation
TCCA. Used for floor and surface disinfection in areas requiring long-term microbial protection in healthcare environments.
SDIC. Preferred for rapid disinfection of equipment, surfaces, and hospital waste.
SDIC is suitable for tasks that require quick action, while TCCA is used in areas that require prolonged disinfection.
5. Food and Beverage Industry
TCCA. For disinfecting large volumes of water used in food production and equipment sanitation.
SDIC. Great for immediate disinfection of surfaces and small volumes of water.
TCCA is suitable for large-scale operations, while SDIC is used for targeted disinfection.
Safety Considerations
Both TCCA and SDIC are effective disinfectants, but safety precautions are essential:
Store in a cool, dry place away from heat and moisture.
Use personal protective equipment (PPE) when handling these chemicals.
Avoid mixing with other chemicals, especially acids, to prevent dangerous reactions.
Dispose of unused materials and containers according to local regulations.
Environmental Impacts
While effective, TCCA and SDIC can pose environmental risks if used improperly:
TCCA. Its slow release results in prolonged chlorine in water, which can harm aquatic life if overused.
SDIC. Its rapid dissolution results in chlorine spikes, which can also affect ecosystems.
Using appropriate dosing and using biodegradable alternatives whenever possible can mitigate these issues.